Structural Transformation and Tax Efficiency
Cevik, Serhan, Gottschalk, Jan, Hutton, Eric, Jaramillo, Laura, Karnane, Pooja, Sow, Mouss
Structural transformation has resulted in an increasing share of services in aggregate value-added in advanced and developing countries across the world. We analyze the impact of this shift into services on countries'efficiency in collecting the value-added tax (VAT). The analysis is based on two alternative measures of VAT efficiency: (1) the VAT C-efficiency, using a broad panel of 134 countries over the period 1970-2014; and (2) the VAT gap using a more granular, proprietary dataset that draws on the results of IMF's Revenue Administraion-Gap Analysis Program covering 24 countries over the period 2004-2016. We find that a higher share of services in aggregate value-added reduces the VAT efficiency, and that this adverse effect is mainly a result of a rise of non-tradable services, which in turn contributes to a narrowing of the VAT base.
- Издательство:
- INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
- Год издания:
- 2019
- ISBN:
- 978-1-4843-9981-1
- ISBN:
- 978-1-4983-0113-8